Village Coordinator:   Theophil Handel, Elaine Morrison, Elli Wise & Ila Jean Johnson

Remarks:  Founded in 1818 by 98 families or 487 people from Swabia and Württemberg.  Originally called village #12.

Books
    From Catherine to Khruschev by Dr. Adam Giesinger (page 118)
    The Emigration from Germany to Russia in the Years 1763 – 1862 by Karl Stumpp (pp. 552-560)
    Auswanderung Aus Schwaben Nach Russland 1816-1823 by Dr. Georg Leibbrandt (Chapter 40, copy available at the GRHS)
    Homeland Book of the Bessarabian Germans by Pastor Albert Kern, village history (pp.93-95), list of MIA/deaths in WWI/II pp. 315-318.

War Records
    EWZ Records
    DAI Bessarabia Village Reports
    DAI Miscellaneous Reports 
    Evacuation from Bessarabia & Bukovina
    Bessarabia Koblenz Index Derivative  

Supplemental Information
    Bessarabia Head of Household Index
   Bessarabia Surnames Origins Index
   Heimatbuch der Dobrudscha Deutschen Surname Index
   Christian Fiess Indices