Chronology of Teplitz, Bessarabia[1]

Prepared by Elaine Morrison, Elli Wise and Dale Wahl

 

         1817/18 The village of Teplitz was founded in the valley of the Kogelnik, southwest of Odessa

 

                         Herbert Weiss in his 1931 book reflects: according to church records, Colony Number 12 was first settled in July of 1817 by immigrants from Württemberg. At the end of 1818 the Russian government changed the name to Teplitz, apparently causing the church office in Arzis to designate 1818 as the founding year. The village of Teplitz was named for Teplitz, Bohemia (now Czechoslovakia), headquarters for the commander-in-chief of the forces against Napoleon during the Battle of Kulm

 

                         98 families (487 individuals) from Württemberg, specifically from the following: Schorndorf 20, Reutlingen 25, Tübingen 19, Nagold 22 and Kirchen (Wohl Kirchheim) 12

 

                         Teplitz was 83 miles from the capital city Kishinev, 54 miles from the county seat Ackermann, 56 miles from Bendery and 60 miles from the border town Ismail, between the German colonies Fere Champenoise I (3 miles) and  Brienne  (4 1/2 miles)

 

                         Almost all of the villagers fell ill with fever and dysentery because they were not yet adapted to the local water and climate. Some days they buried 6-7 bodies. The fatalities increased so rapidly that within four months 110 souls of both genders had died

 

               1822  Total crop failure

 

               1823  Plague of field mice

 

                         Bad crops

 

               1824  Bad crops

 

               1826  Swarms of locusts [negligible losses]

 

   1828/29/30  Village was exempted from paying the crown tax

 

               1829  Abundant harvest

 

               1830  Bad crops

 

               1831  The cholera epidemic took 7 lives [elsewhere reported as 9 lives]

 

                         The first prayer house was built

 

               1832  The Welfare Committee allotted a substantial piece of land on the north side of the river Kugelnik after the colony's urgent request. [This protected the colony from lack of water for the animals.]

 

                         Bad crops

 

               1833  Total crop failure

 

               1834  Total crop failure

 

               1836  Abundant harvest

 

                         Swarms of locusts [negligible losses]

 

               1837  Cattle “pest” inflicted loss of about half of the livestock

 

               1838  Cattle “pest” inflicted loss of about half of the livestock

 

                         The Welfare Committee told each community that they needed to provide a granary for storage of their grain; the design was 60’ x 20’

 

               1839  Total crop failure

 

               1841  Plague of field mice

 

                         Bad crops

 

               1843  Plague of field mice

 

               1844  Abundant harvest

 

                         Cattle “pest” inflicted loss of about half of the livestock

 

                         Built a school house. Until then classes were held in homes

 

               1845  Bad crops

 

               1846  Built a stone warehouse [for grain storage]

 

               1847  Swarms of locusts [negligible losses]

 

        Jan 1848  733 bushels of winter and summer wheat stored in the warehouse

 

               1849  Bad crops

 

               1852  Village land possessed: (one dessiatine equals 2.6997 acres)

arable land                1,975 dessiatines

pasture land              1,796 dessiatines

hay land                    1,695 dessiatines

wood land                     300 dessiatines

 

               1853  Bad crops

 

               1855  The cholera epidemic took 8 lives [4 adults and 4 children] between

                         14 May and 20 June]

 

                         Bad crops

 

               1856  Bad crops

 

                         6,107.6 total dessiatines of landed properties for Teplitz

 

               1862  Bad crops

 

               1863  Church finished, seating for more than 850 persons

 

               1865  Bad crops

 

               1866  The cholera epidemic took 34 lives [20 adults and 14 children of the 82 who had been stricken by the sickness]

 

               1867  Bad crops

 

               1869  Bad crops

 

               1870  Storage space in granary was inadequate

 

                         Bad crops

 

               1871  Good crops

 

                         School instruction must be in Russian

 

                         10th census referenced – with 572 males

 

                         6,194 total dessiatines of landed properties for Teplitz

 

               1873  Bad crops

 

               1875  Bad crops

 

               1879  Bad crops

 

               1880  Bad crops

 

               1882  Bad crops

 

               1884  Bad crops

 

               1885  Good crops

 

               1892  Bad crops

 

               1893  Good crops

 

               1896  Bad crops

 

               1897  “New” cemetery dedicated (actually an addition to the original that had no room for more than about 3309 burials)

 

               1898  Women’s Guild started

 

               1899  Bad crops

 

               1902  A food tax was imposed

 

               1903  Good crops

 

               1904  Bad crops

 

               1905  Good crops

 

               1906  Good crops

 

               1908  Bad crops

 

               1910  Good crops

 

               1913  Good crops

 

               1917  Teachers were state employees and classes were taught in Rumanian

                        

               1918  Bad crops

 

               1926  Good crops

 

               1928  Bad crops

 

               1931  Rumanian officials changed the name to Teplitza, and the spelling remains the same today

 

               1940  Population reaches 2,700  

 

                         Resettlement to Germany via ship on Danube River

 

                         German tombstones taken from the cemetery, left as debris for 50 + years

 

               1994  Former German residents arrange for tombstones to be reinstalled at the churchyard with help from local residents; current residents care for the cemetery   

 

Also See

 

Village Data Sheet, 1848 History and Elaine Morrison’s Teplitz Handout

 

Bibliography

°      Allmersbach, Erich Bauer. Das Graeberfeld auf dem Gelaende des alten Teplitzer Friedhofs.

      Publisher unknown, 1998.

°      Giesinger, Adam.  from Catherine to Khrushchev – The Story of Russia’s Germans.  American Historical Society of Germans from Russia, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1981.

°      Kern, Albert.  Homeland Book of the Bessarabian Germans.  English translation published by the Germans from Russia Heritage Collection, North Dakota State University Libraries, 1998. 

°      Weiss, Herbert. Colony Teplitz, July 1931. Germans from Russia Heritage Society, Bismarck, ND,

      1981               


 

[1]               Also known as Töplitz and aka Tepliza